The neurobiology of human category learning.

Categorization is among the most important skills that any organism can possess. Recent advances in cognitive neuroscience have led to new insights about the neural basis of category learning. Perhaps most important is the finding that many different, widely separated neural structures appear to participate in category learning, but to varying degrees that depend on category structure. In particular, different brain regions are implicated according to whether the category-learning task involves explicit rules, prototype distortion or information integration.