Intestinal bioavailability of minerals and trace elements from milk and beverages in humans.

The intention of this review is to summarize the results of studies measuring the fractional absorption (in %) of minerals and trace elements from milk and beverages in humans. The absorption rates of the minerals calcium and magnesium and the essential trace elements iron, copper, zinc, and manganese are presented and discussed separately. The data given in this review have practical relevance especially in estimating the amount of a nutrient, which is absorbed from a liquid meal. Furthermore this paper also discusses dietary compounds modulating intestinal nutrient bioavailability at the luminal or 8 mucosal level.