Genetic loci controlling breast cancer susceptibility in the Wistar-Kyoto rat.

In this study, the Wistar-Kyoto (WKy) rat was genetically characterized for loci that modify susceptibility to mammary carcinogenesis. We used a genetic backcross between resistant WKy and susceptible Wistar-Furth (WF) rats as a panel for linkage mapping to genetically identify mammary carcinoma susceptibility (Mcs) loci underlying the resistance of the WKy rat. Rats were phenotyped for DMBA-induced mammary carcinomas and genotyped using microsatellite markers. To detect quantitative trait loci (QTL), we analyzed the genome scan data under both parametric and nonparametric distributional assumptions and used permutation tests to calculate significance thresholds. A generalized linear model analysis was also performed to test for interactions between significant QTL. This methodology was extended to identify interactions between the significant QTL and other genome locations. Chromosomes 5, 7, 10, and 14 were found to contain significant QTL, termed Mcs5, Mcs6, Mcs7, and Mcs8, respectively. The WKy alleles of Mcs5, -6, and -8 are associated with mammary carcinoma resistance; the WKy allele of Mcs7 is associated with an increased incidence of mammary cancer. In addition, we identified an interaction between Mcs8 and a region on chromosome 6 termed Mcsm1 (modifier of Mcs), which had no significant main effect on mammary cancer susceptibility in this genetic analysis.