J O Fisher1, L L Birch. 1. USDA Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-2600, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine whether parents' restriction of young girls' access to palatable foods promotes the consumption of those foods while evoking negative self-evaluation. DESIGN: Girls' intake of 10 snack foods was measured immediately following a standard lunch, in a setting with free access to palatable snack foods. Girls' self-evaluation about their eating was assessed following the free access snack session. In addition, reports of parental restriction were obtained from mothers, fathers, and girls. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 197 girls aged 4.6 to 6.4 years and their parents. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Structural equation modeling was used to test models describing relationships between parents' restriction and girls' eating. RESULTS: Following the standard lunch, girls' snack food intake during the 10-minute free access session ranged from 0 to 436 kcal, with a mean of 123 +/- 7 kcal. Approximately half of the girls reported negative self-evaluation about eating 1 or more of the 10 foods provided. The revised path model indicated that parents' restriction predicted both girls' snack food intake and girls' negative self-evaluation of eating. Girls' negative self-evaluation of eating was not associated with the amount of food that they consumed when not hungry, but was linked to their perceptions of being restricted from those foods. APPLICATIONS/ CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that restricting young girls' access to palatable foods may promote the intake of restricted foods and may also generate negative feelings about eating restricted foods.
OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine whether parents' restriction of young girls' access to palatable foods promotes the consumption of those foods while evoking negative self-evaluation. DESIGN:Girls' intake of 10 snack foods was measured immediately following a standard lunch, in a setting with free access to palatable snack foods. Girls' self-evaluation about their eating was assessed following the free access snack session. In addition, reports of parental restriction were obtained from mothers, fathers, and girls. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 197 girls aged 4.6 to 6.4 years and their parents. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Structural equation modeling was used to test models describing relationships between parents' restriction and girls' eating. RESULTS: Following the standard lunch, girls' snack food intake during the 10-minute free access session ranged from 0 to 436 kcal, with a mean of 123 +/- 7 kcal. Approximately half of the girls reported negative self-evaluation about eating 1 or more of the 10 foods provided. The revised path model indicated that parents' restriction predicted both girls' snack food intake and girls' negative self-evaluation of eating. Girls' negative self-evaluation of eating was not associated with the amount of food that they consumed when not hungry, but was linked to their perceptions of being restricted from those foods. APPLICATIONS/ CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that restricting young girls' access to palatable foods may promote the intake of restricted foods and may also generate negative feelings about eating restricted foods.
Authors: Suzanne E Mazzeo; Nichole R Kelly; Marilyn Stern; Rachel W Gow; Kasey Serdar; Ronald K Evans; Resa M Jones; Cynthia M Bulik Journal: Contemp Clin Trials Date: 2012-01-18 Impact factor: 2.226
Authors: Tanja V E Kral; Reneé H Moore; Jesse Chittams; Elizabeth Jones; Lauren O'Malley; Jennifer O Fisher Journal: Appetite Date: 2018-04-27 Impact factor: 3.868
Authors: Megan H Pesch; Andrea R Daniel; Alison L Miller; Katherine L Rosenblum; Danielle P Appugliese; Julie C Lumeng; Niko Kaciroti Journal: Appetite Date: 2019-11-04 Impact factor: 3.868
Authors: Sharon M Karp; Kathleen M Barry; Sabina B Gesell; Eli K Po'e; Mary S Dietrich; Shari L Barkin Journal: Obes Res Clin Pract Date: 2014 Jan-Feb Impact factor: 2.288