Endoscopic ligation of the sphenopalatine artery for refractory posterior epistaxis.

The management of patients with posterior epistaxis remains a challenging problem for the ENT surgeon. In most units, failure of conservative management results in more invasive techniques, involving either major artery ligation or percutaneous embolization of the internal maxillary artery. However, there are complications in more than 25% of patients undergoing these techniques. Endoscopic ligation of the sphenopalatine artery (ELSPA) is emerging as a minimally invasive alternative. We report our experience of ELSPA in 13 patients with a mean follow-up of 13 months. Epistaxis was controlled in 92% and to date no complications have been associated with the procedure. We conclude that ELSPA is a treatment option that is easy to perform and is safe and effective for patients with refractory posterior epistaxis.