T-1095, a renal Na+-glucose transporter inhibitor, improves hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

The effect of T-1095, an inhibitor of renal glucose reabsorption, on hyperglycemia and the expression of Na+-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs) and facilitative glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was examined. There was an elevation of blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), kidney weight, and urinary excretion of both glucose and albumin in STZ rats. Administration of 0.03% and 0.1% (wt/wt diet) T-1095 to STZ rats for 4 weeks improved the hyperglycemia and dose-dependently decreased HbA1c. Moreover, treatment with 0.1% (wt/wt diet) T-1095 in STZ rats for 8 weeks not only reduced blood glucose and HbA1c, levels but also prevented the elevation of urinary albumin levels and kidney weight and the development of epithelial vacuolation. The expression of renal SGLT2, a major glucose transporter in the kidney, was not different in normal, STZ, and T-1095-treated STZ rats. In contrast, the elevated renal GLUT2 level in STZ rats was suppressed by T-1095. These data suggest that T-1095 improves hyperglycemia by suppressing the renal reabsorption of glucose, which results in a suppression of the development of functional and histological changes and abnormal expression of GLUT2 in the kidney.