The effects of maturation and stimulus parameters on the optimal f(2)/f(1) ratio of the 2f(1)-f(2) distortion product otoacoustic emission in neonates(1).

Distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) measurements are becoming popular in the clinical realm because they have been shown to reflect cochlear function. The primary tones used to evoke the DPOAE are important in determining the amplitude of the emission recorded in the ear canal. This study examined the ratio of the primaries necessary to determine the maximum amplitude emission as a function of development, stimulus level and frequency. Optimum f(2)/f(1) ratios were measured utilizing the f(1)-sweep technique from 105 neonates between 30-42 weeks conceptional age (CA) and 40 adults. No significant difference for optimum ratio was shown between the neonatal and the adult groups. Primary tone frequency had a significant effect on optimum ratio for both neonates and adults. Low f(2) frequencies (<4 kHz) were associated with higher optimum ratios than high f(2) frequencies (>4 kHz). The adult group was used to investigate the effect of stimulus level on the optimum f(2)/f(1) ratio for f(2) frequencies from 1.7 to 10 kHz. Regression analysis showed significant differences across levels of the primaries at all frequencies except for f(2)=3.4 and 7.0 kHz. These differences in f(2)/f(1) ratio across stimulus frequency and level may be attributed to the change in the shape of the excitation profiles along the basilar membrane.