Mutation detection in K-ras, BRCA1, BRCA2, and p53 using PCR/LDR and a universal DNA microarray.

We have developed a multiplex PCR/ligase detection reaction (PCR/LDR) that combines high sensitivity with the ability to simultaneously detect hundreds of mutations in a single-tube reaction. To enable us to rapidly assay large numbers of samples, we have linked this mutation detection scheme with analysis on a Universal DNA microarray. We have successfully applied this approach to characterize K-ras and p53 mutations in DNA derived from undissected colon tumors. The sensitivity of the assay has also facilitated detection of low-frequency mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in pooled samples of DNA; thus, PCR/LDR can rapidly screen large numbers of DNA samples required for population studies.