Quantitation of cell-mediated immunity: responses to dinitrochlorobenzene and ubiquitous antigens.

T-lymphocyte immune capacity in man was assessed semiquantitatively by two in vivo procedures: the primary type of response to dinitrochlorobenzene and the secondary type of response, representing memory, to a group of five uniquitous antigens. Controlling for degree of illness proved important in assessing immune capacity in specific diseases; thus, the number of responders and mean score of semiquantitated responses was significantly lower in groups of patients with cancer and multisystem autoimmune disease when comparisons were made with healthy persons, but less so when comparisons were made with a group of subjects with other incapacitating diseases. A notable finding was the lack of correlation in the results of tests of cell-mediated immunity between the two procedures described. Depressed cell-mediated immunity shown in multisystem autoimmune disease is relevant to both predisposition to infection and the postulated role of thymic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity.