Results of 1018 digital replantations in 552 patients.

To find out the influencing factors of the immediate and late outcome of replantation and revascularization of the digits the study was carried out as a prospective survey research during 1983 to 1995 with at least 2 year follow up. Traumatic total or subtotal amputation with inadequate circulation of the digits distal to the metacarpal head were included in the study. There were 552 patients with 366 males (675 digits) and 186 females (343 digits). Successful operation was found in 508 patients (92%) with 946 digits (92.9%). Type of injury was the most important factor influencing immediate and late outcome. Regular cigarette smoking resulted in poor immediate survival rate. Prolonged ischaemia had a significant influence in final functional outcome. Using composite skin and subcutaneous vein graft gave good survival rate. Injury at the no man's land area resulted in poor range of movement of the digit. Connecting the profundus tendon stump of the proximal part to the superficialis tendon of the amputated part gave a better result than 2 tendon repair and repairing only the profundus tendon. Replantation should be carried out even if only one digit is involved. At the 2 year follow up 195 patients (38%) were classified in grade I of Chen et al., functional outcome, while 153 (31%) were in grade II, 124 (24%) were in grade III and 36 (7%) were in grade IV.