Stone recurrence after lithotripsy in patients with recurrent idiopathic calcium urolithiasis: efficacy of treatment with fiuggi water.

A multicentric study was carried out on 384 patients (231 males, mean age 28.3 years; 153 females, mean age 40.8 years) previously treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for recurrent idiopathic calcium urolithiasis. Patients were selected and submitted to different types of high fluid intake treatment (oligomineral water with a calcium content of 15 mg/l vs. tap water with a calcium content ranging between 55 and 130 mg/l) to evaluate stone recurrence and to identify any potential risk factors. During follow-up (range 14-34 months, mean 19 months) 44 (23%) of the 192 patients treated with tap water presented recurrence versus 32 (17%) of the 192 patients treated with Fiuggi mineral water, the difference in incidence between the two groups being 6%. Of the possible predictors of recurrence, evaluated at the beginning of follow-up and analyzed in a multivariate statistical study, the 24-hour diuresis and calciuria were seen to be directly related to the recurrence.