Nursing education as cognitive apprenticeship. A framework for clinical education.

The cognitive apprenticeship model is an effective tool in planning, implementing, and evaluating clinical learning experiences for nursing students. The goal of this model is to develop not only the explicit knowledge, psychomotor skills, and critical thinking processes of nursing students but also the usually covert processes of cognition, metacognition, and culture in the profession. The authors use a clinical case study to illustrate how the cognitive apprenticeship model can be applied to optimize clinical learning experiences.