Molecular identification of developmental stages in Opecoelidae (Digenea).

Nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences represent a useful tool for distinction of poorly differentiated developmental stages, such as trematode cercariae or metacercariae. Here, the complete internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA (ITS 1 + 5.8S + ITS 2) was sequenced for 29 specimens of the digenean family Opecoelidae, including 16 adult specimens and 13 undescribed larval stages (nine cercariae and four metacercariae) occurring in various marine host organisms. Six cercariae and three metacercariae were found to match their corresponding adult form. This work also revealed that cercariae of the same species are able to infect more than one gastropod host species, suggesting that the specificity for the first intermediate host within the Digenea may be lower than previously thought.