B E Klein1, R E Klein, K E Lee. 1. University of Wisconsin Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Madison, WI 53705-2397, USA.
Abstract
CONTEXT: A population-based study to investigate risk factors for age-related eye disease was begun in 1987 in a representative American community. Incidence of cataract was subsequently evaluated. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationships of cigarette smoking, alcohol, and caffeine intakes to incidence of age-related cataracts five years later. DESIGN: Observational epidemiologic incidence study of an adult population. PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION: Adults 43-84 years of age were identified during a census in 1987-1988, and examined at baseline (1988-1990) and after a five-year interval (1993-1995). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Standardized protocols were used at the baseline and follow-up evaluations for exposures and for objective identification of cataracts. RESULTS: Cumulative incidence of nuclear cataract in right eyes was about 12%, cortical cataract about 8%, and posterior subcapsular cataract about 3%. In multivariable analyses of the general estimating equations type, there were significant associations between nuclear cataract and: pack-years smoked (odds ratio [OR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01, 1.09 per 10 pack-years); and current alcohol intake (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00, 1.02 per 10 grams ethanol/week). Cigarette smokers were more likely to have had cataract surgery in the interval between baseline and follow-up examinations. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were associated with modestly increased risks of incident nuclear cataract over a five-year interval.
CONTEXT: A population-based study to investigate risk factors for age-related eye disease was begun in 1987 in a representative American community. Incidence of cataract was subsequently evaluated. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationships of cigarette smoking, alcohol, and caffeine intakes to incidence of age-related cataracts five years later. DESIGN: Observational epidemiologic incidence study of an adult population. PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION: Adults 43-84 years of age were identified during a census in 1987-1988, and examined at baseline (1988-1990) and after a five-year interval (1993-1995). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Standardized protocols were used at the baseline and follow-up evaluations for exposures and for objective identification of cataracts. RESULTS: Cumulative incidence of nuclear cataract in right eyes was about 12%, cortical cataract about 8%, and posterior subcapsular cataract about 3%. In multivariable analyses of the general estimating equations type, there were significant associations between nuclear cataract and: pack-years smoked (odds ratio [OR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01, 1.09 per 10 pack-years); and current alcohol intake (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00, 1.02 per 10 grams ethanol/week). Cigarette smokers were more likely to have had cataract surgery in the interval between baseline and follow-up examinations. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were associated with modestly increased risks of incident nuclear cataract over a five-year interval.
Authors: Julie A Mares; Rick Voland; Rachel Adler; Lesley Tinker; Amy E Millen; Suzen M Moeller; Barbara Blodi; Karen M Gehrs; Robert B Wallace; Richard J Chappell; Marian L Neuhouser; Gloria E Sarto Journal: Arch Ophthalmol Date: 2010-06
Authors: Prethy Rao; Amy E Millen; Kristin J Meyers; Zhe Liu; Rickie Voland; Sheri Sondel; Lesley Tinker; Robert B Wallace; Barbara A Blodi; Neil Binkley; Gloria Sarto; Jennifer Robinson; Erin LeBlanc; Julie A Mares Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2015-07 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Andrew Bastawrous; Wanjiku Mathenge; John Nkurikiye; Kevin Wing; Hillary Rono; Michael Gichangi; Helen A Weiss; David Macleod; Allen Foster; Matthew Burton; Hannah Kuper Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2019-06-05