PURPOSE: Immunohistochemical procedures were employed to test the hypothesis that cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are involved in AIDS-related optic neuropathy and to determine the primary cell types involved. METHODS: Fixed sections of six human HIV-1 infected optic nerves were immunostained for the presence of IL-1beta and IL-6, using horseradish peroxidase and diaminobenzidine as markers. RESULTS: IL-1beta and IL-6 were found in astrocytes, macrophages, microglia, and endothelial cells. The great majority of astrocytes demonstrated strong immunoreactivity. CONCLUSION: Our findings support the premise that IL-1beta and IL-6 are significant pro-inflammatory mediators in AIDS-related optic neuropathy. This finding supports the theory that HIV infection stimulates the release of IL-1beta and IL-6 in astrocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells in the optic nerve which ultimately leads to demyelination, astrogliosis, and neuronal destruction.
PURPOSE: Immunohistochemical procedures were employed to test the hypothesis that cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are involved in AIDS-related optic neuropathy and to determine the primary cell types involved. METHODS: Fixed sections of six humanHIV-1 infected optic nerves were immunostained for the presence of IL-1beta and IL-6, using horseradish peroxidase and diaminobenzidine as markers. RESULTS:IL-1beta and IL-6 were found in astrocytes, macrophages, microglia, and endothelial cells. The great majority of astrocytes demonstrated strong immunoreactivity. CONCLUSION: Our findings support the premise that IL-1beta and IL-6 are significant pro-inflammatory mediators in AIDS-related optic neuropathy. This finding supports the theory that HIV infection stimulates the release of IL-1beta and IL-6 in astrocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells in the optic nerve which ultimately leads to demyelination, astrogliosis, and neuronal destruction.
Authors: Efe Sezgin; Sher L Hendrickson; Douglas A Jabs; Mark L Van Natta; Richard A Lewis; Jennifer L Troyer; Stephen J O'Brien Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2010-08 Impact factor: 3.731
Authors: William R Freeman; Mark L Van Natta; Douglas Jabs; Pamela A Sample; Alfredo A Sadun; Jennifer Thorne; Kayur H Shah; Gary N Holland Journal: Am J Ophthalmol Date: 2008-01-11 Impact factor: 5.258