Methodological sources of cultural insensitivity in mental health research.

The concept of procedural norms, which is taken from the analysis of science as an institutionally structured social process, is used to explain the persistence of cultural insensitivity in research. The concept refers to the canons of research that tell scientists what should be studied and how, and they are taught to successive generations of researchers. An examination of cross-cultural studies in mental health reveals that cultural insensitivity stems from procedural norms in the development of content validity based on experts' rational analysis of concepts, in linguistic translations that try to conform to the exact terms of standardized instruments, and in the uncritical transferring of concepts across cultures. We need a wide-ranging examination of our procedural norms, with the objective of keeping such norms from suppressing, biasing, or deflecting cultural understandings. This article proposes a dialogue on the intricate connections between culture and our customary methodologies.