Chest size matching in single and double lung transplantation.

We applied predicted vital capacity to chest size matching between donor and recipient in lung transplantation to 15 single-lung transplant recipients with pulmonary fibrosis and to 20 double-lung transplant recipients with emphysema or non-emphysema. The predicted vital capacity of the donor was significantly correlated with the predicted vital capacity of the recipient both in double-lung transplantation (r = 0.79, p = 0.001) and single-lung transplantation (r = 0.71, p = 0.003). In double-lung transplantation, the post-transplant vital capacity was correlated with the predicted vital capacity of the recipient (r = 0.74, p = 0.002). Emphysema patients and non-emphysema patients contributed equally to this correlation. In left single lung transplantation, there was a weak correlation between the post-transplant vital capacity and the predicted vital capacity of the donor in the allograft (r = 0.57, p = 0.1095). In right single lung transplantation, the post-transplant vital capacity of the allograft tended to be correlated with the predicted vital capacity of recipient (r = 0.77, p = 0.0735). We concluded that donors were actually selected based on the comparison of predicted vital capacity between donor and recipient. In double-lung transplantation, the post-transplant vital capacity was limited by the recipient's normal thoracic volume and was not influenced by underlying pulmonary disease. In single-lung transplantation with pulmonary fibrosis, the allograft transplanted in the left chest could expand to its own size, and the allograft transplanted in the right chest could expand to the recipient's normal thoracic volume as in double-lung transplantation.