Application of decision analysis to drug selection for formulary addition.

Decision analysis (DA) is a quantitative method for making decisions, incorporating both probabilistic data and value judgments, and clinical and economic outcomes. The P & T Committee at the Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital used this technique to aid in selection of a third-generation cephalosporin for formulary addition. Cost-specific data from this hospital, together with clinical data derived from the medical literature, and a panel of infectious disease specialists were used to compare costs associated with antibiotic regimens of three infections. Results show that ceftizoxime is the least costly treatment for hospital-acquired pneumonia and sepsis of unknown origin, whereas metronidazole plus gentamicin is the least costly regimen for intra-abdominal infections. This demonstrates that drugs with higher acquisition costs can, in some cases, be less expensive than drugs with lower acquisition costs when the total cost of drug therapy is considered.