A graphical user interaction model for integrating complex clinical applications: a pilot study.

We have developed and implemented a multi-faceted, graphical user interaction model for an advanced clinical information system. This paper describes a classification scheme for applications used by clinicians in their daily work, discusses the way clinicians interact with these applications, and the issues that arise during these user interactions. Through its emphasis on support for application interoperation, the graphical user interface that implements the model presents a single, consistent, context to the user, and thereby helps maintain patient safety and ensure ease of use.