Lessons from 197 Mathieu hypospadias repairs performed at a single institution.

Over a 15-year period, 197 Mathieu hypospadias repairs were performed at our institution. The present study reports our experience with this operation with an analysis of factors associated with unfavorable results. Cosmetic results were either excellent or satisfactory in all but 4 cases (2%). Overall, 42 patients (21%) voided with a fistula. A history of a previous operation, flap length, type and structure of the suture, suturing technique, existence of chordee and torsion, and circumcision status were analyzed as prognostic factors. Fifteen years were divided into three equal time intervals, and the success rates of these intervals were also compared. The length of the flap, (< vs >/=20 mm), suture structure (monofilament versus multifilament), and suture type (6-0 vs 5-0) were found to be factors with a significant influence on success rates (P < 0.05). The fistula rates of the three 5-year intervals were 52%, 28%, and 11%, respectively. The difference between time periods was also significant (P < 0.01). On multivariate analysis, only the difference between time intervals remained significant. The present analysis suggests that experience could be considered the most important factor affecting the success rate of hypospadias surgery. We recommend not changing the type of operation so often that not enough experience can be gained. The best results can be achieved in the most experienced hands.