Trabeculectomy survival with and without intra-operative 5-fluorouracil application in an Asian population.

PURPOSE: To define and compare the trabeculectomy survival with regard to intra-ocular pressure (IOP) control without further surgery or anti-glaucoma medication n an Asian population.
METHODS: A retrospective review of two consecutive groups of patients who had trabeculectomy surgery in a university eye department setting. The first group of patients (group A) did not receive any adjunctive 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), while the second group (group B) had intra-operative sponge application of 5-FU. Only the first trabeculectomy of patients who had bilateral trabeculectomy and the first trabeculectomy performed in patients who had repeated surgery was analysed. Combined procedures were excluded. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier product limit method.
RESULTS: Eighty-nine patients (51 in group A and 38 in group B) were studied, with a mean follow up of 37.5 and 27.0 months, respectively (P = 0.014). There were no statistical differences in age, gender, mean pretreatment IOP, pre-operative medication, proportion of patients with previous ocular surgery, or proportion of primary compared with secondary glaucoma between the two groups. The probability of trabeculectomy survival (IOP < 22 mmHg without additional medication/surgery) at 12 and 36 months was 54.3 and 36.4%, respectively, in group A and 75.8 and 65.8%, respectively, in group B. The differences in survival were significant (P = 0.006, log rank test).
CONCLUSIONS: Our experience with trabeculectomy survival in the Asian population showed poorer success when compared with Caucasian populations reported by other investigators. The survival of trabeculectomy surgery was improved significantly with intra-operative 5-FU. There may be justification for advocating a more liberal use of intra-operative 5-FU in such a population.