Literature DB >> 9820352

Observations on the risk of resistance with the extended use of vancomycin.

A T McManus1, C W Goodwin, B A Pruitt.   

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To document the risk of the development of vancomycin-resistant bacteria in a population of seriously burned patients during a 10-year period of common vancomycin hydrochloride use.
DESIGN: Retrospective study.
SETTING: The US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Burn Center, Fort Sam Houston, Tex. POPULATION AND METHODS: Microbiology, infection, and antibiotic use records collected during the hospitalization of 2266 consecutively admitted seriously burned patients were reviewed. Vancomycin was the primary therapeutic agent used for gram-positive infections and was also used as a perioperative prophylactic antibiotic during burn wound excision. This policy was established prior to this review because of a high incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and an anecdotal association of increased beta-lactam resistance in endemic gram-negative pathogens associated with the use of penicillinase-resistant penicillins and cephalosporins. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Isolation of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) or other gram-positive organisms resistant to vancomycin.
RESULTS: Examinations of 15 125 gram-positive isolates, including 957 enterococci, for in vitro sensitivity to vancomycin yielded 3 VRE isolates in 3 patients. Vancomycin was used prior to VRE isolation in one of these patients. Resistance was found in 3 other organisms (2 Corynebacterium species, 1 Lactobacillus species). Vancomycin was used prior to these isolations in 2 of 3 patients. None of the vancomycin-resistant organisms was associated with infection and all 6 patients survived. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci or other vancomycin-resistant gram-positive organisms were not found in 663 patients treated with vancomycin for documented gram-positive infections or in 1027 patients where perioperative vancomycin was used.
CONCLUSION: Use of vancomycin as the primary therapeutic agent in seriously burned patients was not associated with increased risk of VRE isolation or VRE infection.

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Year:  1998        PMID: 9820352     DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.133.11.1207

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Arch Surg        ISSN: 0004-0010


  7 in total

Review 1.  Effects of antibiotics on nosocomial epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant enterococci.

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3.  Enteral vancomycin controls methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endemicity in an intensive care burn unit: a 9-year prospective study.

Authors:  Enrique Cerdá; Ana Abella; Miguel A de la Cal; José A Lorente; Paloma García-Hierro; Hendrick K F van Saene; Inmaculada Alía; Ainhoa Aranguren
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4.  Mupirocin prophylaxis against methicillin-susceptible, methicillin-resistant, or vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus epidermidis vascular-graft infection.

Authors:  A Giacometti; O Cirioni; R Ghiselli; L Goffi; C Viticchi; F Mocchegiani; A Riva; F Orlando; V Saba; G Scalise
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Authors:  Andrea Giacometti; Oscar Cirioni; Roberto Ghiselli; Fiorenza Orlando; Giuseppina D'Amato; Wojciech Kamysz; Federico Mocchegiani; Valerio Sisti; Carmela Silvestri; Jerzy Łukasiak; Marco Rocchi; Vittorio Saba; Giorgio Scalise
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6.  Noninvasive ventilation for patients near the end of life: what do we know and what do we need to know?

Authors:  William J Ehlenbach; J Randall Curtis
Journal:  Crit Care Med       Date:  2008-03       Impact factor: 7.598

7.  Efficacy of quinupristin-dalfopristin in preventing vascular graft infection due to Staphylococcus epidermidis with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides.

Authors:  Andrea Giacometti; Oscar Cirioni; Roberto Ghiselli; Fiorenza Orlando; Federico Mocchegiani; Alessandra Riva; Maria Simona Del Prete; Vittorio Saba; Giorgio Scalise
Journal:  Antimicrob Agents Chemother       Date:  2002-09       Impact factor: 5.191

  7 in total

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