CONCLUSION: The polyacetate esters of selected nonnutrient monosaccharides represent potential tools for either stimulation of insulin release in noninsulin-dependent diabetes or inhibition of insulin secretion in hyperinsulinemic syndromes. BACKGROUND: The polyacetate esters of several monosaccharides were recently shown to display greater nutritional value or biological efficiency than the corresponding unesterified carbohydrates. METHODS: The effects of seven polyacetate esters of monosaccharides, all tested at a 1.7-mM concentration, on both 45Ca efflux and insulin release were investigated in prelabeled rat pancreatic islets perifused in the presence of 10.0 mM succinic acid dimethyl ester. RESULTS: Both alpha-D-glucose penta-acetate and, to a lesser extent, beta-L-glucose penta-acetate stimulated insulin release. Inversely, alpha-D-galactose penta-acetate, but not beta-D-galactose penta-acetate inhibited insulin secretion evoked by succinic acid dimethyl ester. Esters of carbohydrates which are inhibitors of D-glucose metabolism, such as D-mannoheptulose hexa-acetate and the two anomers of 2-deoxy-D-glucose tetra-acetate also enhanced insulin output, with a preference for the alpha-anomer of 2-deoxy-D-glucose tetra-acetate. Only those esters with positive insulinotropic action augmented 45Ca efflux from the prelabeled islets.
CONCLUSION: The polyacetate esters of selected nonnutrient monosaccharides represent potential tools for either stimulation of insulin release in noninsulin-dependent diabetes or inhibition of insulin secretion in hyperinsulinemic syndromes. BACKGROUND: The polyacetate esters of several monosaccharides were recently shown to display greater nutritional value or biological efficiency than the corresponding unesterified carbohydrates. METHODS: The effects of seven polyacetate esters of monosaccharides, all tested at a 1.7-mM concentration, on both 45Ca efflux and insulin release were investigated in prelabeled ratpancreatic islets perifused in the presence of 10.0 mM succinic acid dimethyl ester. RESULTS: Both alpha-D-glucose penta-acetate and, to a lesser extent, beta-L-glucose penta-acetate stimulated insulin release. Inversely, alpha-D-galactose penta-acetate, but not beta-D-galactose penta-acetate inhibited insulin secretion evoked by succinic acid dimethyl ester. Esters of carbohydrates which are inhibitors of D-glucose metabolism, such as D-mannoheptulose hexa-acetate and the two anomers of 2-deoxy-D-glucosetetra-acetate also enhanced insulin output, with a preference for the alpha-anomer of 2-deoxy-D-glucosetetra-acetate. Only those esters with positive insulinotropic action augmented 45Ca efflux from the prelabeled islets.
Authors: W J Malaisse; C Sánchez-Soto; M E Larrieta; M Hiriart; H Jijakli; C Viñambres; M L Villanueva-Peñacarrillo; I Valverde; O Kirk; M M Kadiata; A Sener Journal: Am J Physiol Date: 1997-12