Decreased expression of signal-transducing zeta chain in peripheral T cells and natural killer cells in patients with cervical cancer.

An impaired immune response is frequently observed in patients and experimental animals with advanced cancer. We and others have shown alterations in CD3-associated signal-transducing zeta molecules in tumor-infiltrating T cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of patients with advanced cancer. By using flow cytometric analysis of permeabilized cells with a monoclonal antibody (TIA-2) that reacts with the cytoplasmic domain of the zeta chain, here we demonstrate a marked decrease (P < 0.01) in the expression of the signal-transducing CD3 zeta chain of PBLs in patients with cervical cancer (n = 22) as compared to PBLs from healthy donors (n = 21). In addition, PBLs isolated from patients (n = 23) with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), to a lesser but significant (P < 0. 01) extent, expressed reduced CD3 zeta levels as compared to those from healthy donors. This decreased expression of zeta chains was also observed on CD16(+) natural killer cells in PBLs from patients with cervical cancer. Surface expression of CD3 epsilon on PBLs was also decreased in cervical cancer patients as compared to healthy donors, but not on PBLs from patients with CIN. CD3 zeta chain expression significantly (r = 0.53, P < 0.01) correlated with the ability of the PBLs to produce tumor necrosis factor in response to anti-CD3 stimulation. These findings suggest that alterations of signal-transducing zeta molecules commonly occur in patients with cervical cancer and to a lesser extent with CIN, and that they are associated with reduced cellular functions such as production of tumor necrosis factor.