Intracellular signaling leads to the hypertrophic effect of neuropeptide Y.

Signal transduction pathways involved in the hypertrophic effect of neuropeptide Y (NPY) were investigated in adult cardiomyocytes. Reduction of transforming growth factor-beta activity in serum-supplemented media abolished the induction of hypertrophic responsiveness to NPY. In responsive cells, NPY (100 nM) increased protein synthesis, determined as incorporation of [14C]phenylalanine, by 35 +/- 15% (P < 0.05, n = 16 cultures). In these cells, NPY activated pertussis toxin (PTx)-sensitive G proteins and phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase. PTx and inhibition of PI 3-kinase abolished the hypertrophic effect of NPY. NPY also activated protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. Inhibition of these two kinases attenuated the induction of creatine kinase (CK)-BB but not the growth response to NPY. In conclusion, NPY stimulates protein synthesis in adult cardiomyocytes via activation of PTx-sensitive G proteins and PI 3-kinase and it induces the fetal-type CK-BB via activation of PKC and MAP kinase.