An analysis of the concept of countertransference.

A knowledge of countertransference is a necessary step in using it therapeutically in the nurse-patient relationship. However, this concept, which has its roots in psychoanalytic theory, has been applied to nurses and nursing situations in an unhelpful and ambiguous manner. In fact, the term is often used to denigrate nurses without providing clarity as to what the components of countertransference are and how they might be understood and used therapeutically. As such, it is necessary to delineate the meaning of countertransference in its entirely as a concept suitable for nursing practice. Positive countertransference, negative countertransference, and empathy are the composite parts of the concept of countertransference. Through concept analysis, by using methods outlined by Rodgers (1989), Journal of Advanced Nursing, 14, 330-335, it is suggested that countertransference is an inescapable factor in the nurse-patient relationship. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of the concept of countertransference will assist nurses in recognizing it when it occurs and may enhance the use of the understanding gained to the benefit of the nurse-patient relationship.