Musculoskeletal disorders among dentists and variation in dental work.

The purpose was to assess risk factors in dentistry which may contribute to musculoskeletal disorders. A questionnaire was used to identify common work tasks, and to estimate one year prevalence for troubles (65% for the neck/shoulder, 59% for the low back). In a field study working postures and electromyography (shoulder/neck) were registered during the three most common work tasks. Prolonged neck flexion and upper arm abduction were found, as well as high static muscle activity levels (splenius and trapezius muscles). No differences between work tasks were found regarding postures, frequencies of movements or muscle activity. Alterations between the three work tasks do not produce sufficient variation to reduce musculoskeletal load on the neck and shoulders.