Everyday competence in later life: current status and future directions.

This article reviews the literature on the antecedents and outcomes of everyday competence in later life and discusses future directions. It is argued that there is a fairly solid knowledge base with regard to the antecedents and outcomes but not in terms of the components and mechanisms of older adults' everyday competence. Five key issues are identified and discussed in terms of a future research agenda. For each key issue, directions for future research are outlined and a transactional approach is advocated. It is emphasized that older adults should be viewed as proactive individuals who are motivated to minimize the losses and maximize the gains associated with the aging process.