OKT3 monitoring in the treatment of steroid-resistant acute rejection of hepatotransplant recipients.

OKT3 is a monoclonal antibody used as T-specific immunosuppressor agent in the treatment of acute rejection of hepato- or renal-transplanted patients. The immunosuppressor effect is related to the elimination and modulation of T-cells after the binding between OKT3 and the specific antigen CD3+. This drug has been used in the treatment of acute rejection. The more frequent side effects is the immunogenic reaction Human Antibody Mouse Antibody (HAMA). The aim of this study is the evaluation of the dose and the administration route of the OKT3. The results of the antibody monitoring in the plasma of the treated patients and the analysis of the clinical data were evaluated to focus a valid therapeutic protocol as well as a more rational time sampling of the circulating drug to achieve a correct monitoring. The results show a gradual increase of the hematic concentration of the drug, positively correlating the clinical data of hepatic biopsy and lymphocytic screening. These results have permitted to modify the therapeutic protocol previously performed. It has been defined the administration route choosing i.v. infusion (5 mg/die/2 h), moreover it the therapy has been shortened to 6 days. The HAMA were also evaluated and the analysis of the data showed a negative results, suggesting the possibility of the OKT3 retreatment in the cases of rescue.