Localization of P2X1 purinoceptors by autoradiography and immunohistochemistry in rat kidneys.

P2 receptors have been identified in rat kidney by autoradiography, using the radioligand [3H] alpha, beta-methylene ATP, and by immunohistochemistry, using a polyclonal antibody to the P2X1 purinoceptor. They have been localized to the vascular smooth muscle of intrarenal arteries, including arcuate and interlobular arteries, and afferent arterioles, but not glomeruli, postglomerular efferent arterioles, or renal tubules. We conclude that at least some of the P2 receptors present on vascular smooth muscle are of the P2X1 subtype. The functional significance of these findings in the vascular control of the kidney is discussed.