Advocacy, recovery, and the challenges of consumerism for schizophrenia.

Advocacy organizations such as the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI) and patient consumer groups are playing an ever-increasing role in public health policy and patient care in schizophrenia. The recovery philosophy which recognizes the unique contributions of those who have experienced mental illness is now a part of treatment approaches in many states. Several states have extended these consumer initiatives to incorporate advance directives, an approach that has generated much debate. The NAMI destigmatization campaign, grounded in the neurobiology of major mental illness, is an unprecedented, concerted effort to change public opinion and to achieve parity at all levels for persons with severe and persistent mental illness. This article describes and chronicles these initiatives and explores their implications for the management of schizophrenia into the next millenium.