A simplified procedure for the physical development of the sulphide silver method to reveal synaptic zinc in combination with immunocytochemistry at light and electron microscopy.

The pool of zinc present in excitatory synaptic terminals in normal and pathological conditions (for instance the status epilepticus induced by kainic acid) can be stained by a silver sulphide method followed by physical development of the insoluble zinc-sulphide complexes. In this study we applied a previously described simple and rapid developing procedure that reveals synaptic zinc, to the study of normal and pathological hippocampi and combined it with pre and postembedding immunocytochemical methods to detect different antigens. Normal and kainic acid-treated rats were perfused with fixative solutions containing sodium sulphide and 50 microm-thick vibratome sections of the hippocampi were incubated in a commercial developing solution (IntenSE M, Amersham). The developed vibratome sections were then (1) mounted for light microscopy or osmicated and epon-embedded for electron microscopy; or (2) processed for the preembedding immunoenzymatic detection of various antigens (GABA, parvalbumin, calbindin) with light and electron microscopy. Thin sections from epon-embedded samples were also processed for the postembedding immunogold localization of glutamate. This very simple and rapid procedure gives rise to zinc-specific staining, comparable to that obtained with classical developing methods and good preservation of both antigenicity and ultrastructure. It is therefore possible to detect, in the same thick or thin section, zinc reaction product and different antigens.