Hetero-oligomerization-dependent binding of pig oocyte zona pellucida glycoproteins ZPB and ZPC to boar sperm membrane vesicles.

The zona pellucida surrounding the pig oocyte contains two Mr 55,000 glycoproteins, pZPB and pZPC, which are orthologues of mouse zona proteins ZP1 and ZP3, respectively. We previously reported that isolated boar sperm membrane vesicles possess high affinity binding sites for partially purified pZPB, but not pZPC. Interestingly, co-incubation experiments also implicated pZPB-pZPC complexes as potential ligands. We now report that when depleted of a minor pZPC contaminant by size exclusion chromatography, pZPB lacks independent binding activity. In solid phase binding assays employing immobilized boar sperm membranes, pZPB failed to compete with biotin-(pZPB+pZPC) probe, and biotin-labeled pZPB yielded negligible binding. However, when co-incubated with pZPC prior to the binding assays, pZPB acted as a potent competitor, and biotin-labeled pZPB exhibited high affinity, saturable binding. Binding activity was attributed to pZPB-pZPC heterocomplexes, which were detected in co-incubation mixtures by size exclusion chromatography and Western blot analysis. In the pig, therefore, sperm membranes possess a zona-binding protein with high affinity sites for pZPB-pZPC heterocomplexes, but not free glycoprotein subunits. Consequently, associative interactions between zona molecules can contribute toward both the assembly of the zona matrix and generation of ligands important for sperm-zona interactions.