Retrospective analysis of minimal-incision, endoscopic, and open procedures for heel spur syndrome.

Forty-four patients with recalcitrant heel spur syndrome who underwent surgical correction (54 procedures) were studied retrospectively. The results of minimal-incision, endoscopic, and open plantar fasciotomy procedures were compared. This study focuses on patient satisfaction, pain reduction, convalescence, and postoperative problems. Although all procedure groups reported high degrees of patient satisfaction and reduction of pain, some notable differences among the three groups were observed.