Twist and Notch negatively regulate adult muscle differentiation in Drosophila.

Twist is required in Drosophila embryogenesis for mesodermal specification and cell-fate choice. We have examined the role of Twist and Notch during adult indirect flight muscle development. Reduction in levels of Twist leads to abnormal myogenesis. Notch reduction causes a similar mutant phenotype and reduces Twist levels. Conversely, persistent expression, in myoblasts, of activated Notch causes continued twist expression and failure of differentiation as assayed by myosin expression. The gain-of-function phenotype of Notch is very similar to that seen upon persistent twist expression. These results point to a relationship between Notch function and twist regulation during indirect flight muscle development and show that decline in Twist levels is a requirement for the differentiation of these muscles, unlike the somatic muscles of the embryo.