Effects of mean luminance on goldfish temporal contrast sensitivity.

The goldfish is an important animal model for retinal processing and for understanding the relationship between retinal structure and function. The purpose of this study was to examine the temporal processing of the visual system of this species. Goldfish were classically conditioned to suppress respiration upon presentation of a sinusoidally flickering stimulus. Temporal contrast sensitivity functions (T-CSFs) were determined by measuring contrast threshold at a variety of temporal frequencies across different mean luminances. Goldfish T-CSFs were found to be similar in shape to those of humans. In addition, as the mean luminance of the stimulus decreased, temporal resolution decreased. This implies that the animal's ability to detect high flicker frequencies decreases as the level of light adaptation decreases, as does that of humans. The results support the notion that temporal processing is similar across vertebrate species, and therefore that the goldfish is a useful model for studying temporal processing in the vertebrate retina.