Synovial chondromatosis of the distal radioulnar joint: a case report.

The most definitive method for confirming the diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis is the identification of cartilaginous metaplasia within the synovium on histologic examination. In advanced stages of the disease, plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans demonstrate calcified and cartilaginous bodies, respectively, but in earlier stages, plain radiographic findings may be normal and MRI scans may reveal only nonspecific increased fluid. Although rare in the wrist, synovial chondromatosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis in a patient presenting with pain and swelling of the distal radioulnar joint. Surgical exploration of the joint and synovectomy, alone or in combination with removal of loose bodies, is the recommended treatment.