OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the immunogenicity and prophylactic efficacy of immunization schemes employing a recombinant canarypoxvirus ('ALVAC')-based feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vaccine alone or in combination with an inactivated FIV-infected cell vaccine against homologous and heterologous FIV challenges in cats. METHODS: Specific pathogen-free cats were given a total of three immunizations with subtype A vaccines and challenged 4 weeks after the final immunization with 50 median animal infectious doses (ID50) of FIV-Petaluma, a subtype A isolate. Following the initial challenge, protected cats received a second challenge with 75 ID50 of FIV-Bangston, a subtype B isolate. FIV-specific humoral and cell-mediated responses were measured to determine the immune correlates of protection. RESULTS: Two of three cats immunized with the ALVAC FIV recombinants alone were protected from homologous FIV challenge in the presence of FIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses but in the absence of FIV-specific humoral responses. All three cats immunized with the ALVAC-FIV recombinant and boosted with FIV-infected cell vaccine were also protected from homologous FIV challenge in the presence of both FIV-specific CTL and humoral responses. Partial to full protection was observed in ALVAC-FIV/FIV-infected cell vaccine-immunized cats against a heterologous FIV challenge given 8 months after the initial challenge. Two out of three cats had transient infection and the remaining cat had no sign of FIV infection at a dose at which all three control cats were readily infected. CONCLUSIONS: Immunization schemes employing ALVAC-based FIV vaccines in combination with inactivated FIV-infected cell vaccine generate protective immune responses that can cross-react with FIV isolates that are genetically distinct from the vaccine strains.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the immunogenicity and prophylactic efficacy of immunization schemes employing a recombinant canarypoxvirus ('ALVAC')-based feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vaccine alone or in combination with an inactivated FIV-infected cell vaccine against homologous and heterologous FIV challenges in cats. METHODS: Specific pathogen-free cats were given a total of three immunizations with subtype A vaccines and challenged 4 weeks after the final immunization with 50 median animal infectious doses (ID50) of FIV-Petaluma, a subtype A isolate. Following the initial challenge, protected cats received a second challenge with 75 ID50 of FIV-Bangston, a subtype B isolate. FIV-specific humoral and cell-mediated responses were measured to determine the immune correlates of protection. RESULTS: Two of three cats immunized with the ALVAC FIV recombinants alone were protected from homologous FIV challenge in the presence of FIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses but in the absence of FIV-specific humoral responses. All three cats immunized with the ALVAC-FIV recombinant and boosted with FIV-infected cell vaccine were also protected from homologous FIV challenge in the presence of both FIV-specific CTL and humoral responses. Partial to full protection was observed in ALVAC-FIV/FIV-infected cell vaccine-immunized cats against a heterologous FIV challenge given 8 months after the initial challenge. Two out of three cats had transient infection and the remaining cat had no sign of FIV infection at a dose at which all three control cats were readily infected. CONCLUSIONS: Immunization schemes employing ALVAC-based FIV vaccines in combination with inactivated FIV-infected cell vaccine generate protective immune responses that can cross-react with FIV isolates that are genetically distinct from the vaccine strains.
Authors: M J Hosie; T Dunsford; D Klein; B J Willett; C Cannon; R Osborne; J Macdonald; N Spibey; N Mackay; O Jarrett; J C Neil Journal: J Virol Date: 2000-10 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Rebecca L Edgeworth; Juan Homero San; Jason A Rosenzweig; Nang L Nguyen; Jean D Boyer; Kenneth E Ugen Journal: Immunol Res Date: 2002 Impact factor: 2.829
Authors: R Ignatius; M Marovich; E Mehlhop; L Villamide; K Mahnke; W I Cox; F Isdell; S S Frankel; J R Mascola; R M Steinman; M Pope Journal: J Virol Date: 2000-12 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Margaret J Hosie; Navapon Techakriengkrai; Paweł M Bęczkowski; Matthew Harris; Nicola Logan; Brian J Willett Journal: Vet Sci Date: 2017-01-28