Improved outcome of young children on nightly automated peritoneal dialysis.

We reviewed our center's experience with nightly automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) as maintenance renal replacement therapy (RRT) for infants and children under the age of 5 years and compared it with national dialysis and transplant data. A retrospective chart review of 19 consecutive patients with the onset of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) before 5 years of age (mean = 1.8 years) between June 1988 and June 1994 was performed. All patients received nightly APD, supplemental feedings, calcitriol, erythropoietin, and 10 of 19 were on growth hormone (rhGH) therapy. The growth of our patients was maintained or improved during the study period, with the 10 of 19 on rhGH gaining a mean of one standard deviation in height when followed for 2 years. Our school-age children were all in age-appropriate classes. There were no deaths in our group; the incidence of peritonitis was lower than in national data. We conclude that APD is a realistic option for the treatment of ESRD in the 0- to 5-year-old child. Because of the improved graft and patient survival in older children, APD in a specialized center might be the RRT of choice in this age group, allowing good growth and development while maximizing the chances of an eventual and successful renal transplant.