24-Hour urinary glucose excretion in assessment of control in juvenile diabetes mellitus.

24-Hour urinary glucose excretion was measured in 43 juvenile diabetics during treatment as outpatients. In 20 children studied twice over 1-3 months there was good correlation between glucose excretion on each occasion. Subdivision of the collections into the periods 08 therefore 00-20 therefore 00 and 20 therefore 00-08 therefore 00 hours gave slightly less consistent results with correlation coefficients of 0 therefore 83 and 0 therefore 80, respectively, between the results of the repeat tests. In 37 prepubertal children, 24-hour glucose concentration and height velocity over the previous year were compared, and a highly significant negative correlation found. 10 of the 12 children with glucose excretion greater than 40 g/d had height velocities more than 1 SD below the mean for age, while only 2 of the 25 subjects excreting less than 40 g/d had height velocities more than 1 SD below the mean. The results indicate that estimation of 24-hour urine glucose excretion can be a useful index for monitoring treatment and that subdivision of the total collection may be of value in selecting the most suitable insulin regimen for the patient.