The role of free radicals in the release of noradrenaline from myenteric nerve terminals of guinea-pig ileum.

In an attempt to understand the role of free radicals in the regulation of sympathetic neurotransmission, the in vitro secretion of noradrenaline (NA) from synaptosomal preparations of guinea-pig ileum was investigated. Release of endogenous NA was quantified by an electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). In the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase at concentrations sufficient to scavenge the free radicals, secretion of NA was attenuated in samples with stimulation of 4-aminopyrine (4-AP) or not (spontaneous release). However, inducing superoxide radicals via the reaction of hypoxanthine with xanthine oxidase failed to modify the secretion of NA, both the 4-AP-stimulated release and the spontaneous secretion. Then, free radicals were induced in synaptosomes using hypoxia-normoxia exposure. Secretion of NA was markedly increased in samples receiving this treatment in a calcium-dependent way because it was attenuated by the removal of calcium chloride from bathing medium. An increase of SOD activity, both Mn-SOD and Cu, Zn-SOD, was also obtained by this exposure. Changes of SOD activities in response to free radicals produced by hypoxia-normoxia exposure in ileal synaptosomes can thus be considered. In conclusion, these results suggest that free radicals are formed to involve in the regulation of sympathetic neurotransmission via an increase of calcium influx to enhance the NA release in guinea-pig ileum.