OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether the same maternal glycemic control is necessary to achieve similar perinatal outcomes for type 1 as for type 2 diabetics. STUDY DESIGN: The subjects were all women with pregestational diabetes mellitus delivered of live-born singletons. Glycemic control was achieved with diet and insulin. Self-monitoring of blood glucose was performed before meals and at bedtime. Target glucose values were 60 to 90 mg/dl fasting and 60 to 105 mg/dl at other times. RESULTS: Of 60,628 deliveries, 46 type 1 and 113 type 2 diabetic women met inclusion criteria. Respective differences were found between type 1 and type 2 diabetics in average daily glucose levels (112 mg/dl vs 97 mg/dl, p < 0.001), percent of values within target ranges (35% vs 57%, p < 0.001), and mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (48.1 mg/dl vs 24.9 mg/dl, p < 0.001). At least one daily glucose value was < 50 mg/dl during 19% of observation days for type 1 vs 2% of observation days for type 2 pregnancies (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetic pregnancies in neonatal macrosomia (30% vs 34%), proportion of cesarean deliveries during labor for arrest disorders (67% vs 69%), shoulder dystocia (2% vs 6%), and neonatal hypoglycemia (18% vs 26%). CONCLUSIONS: Less stringent maternal glycemic control may permit comparable maternal and neonatal outcomes for type 1 compared with type 2 diabetics. Higher target values for type 1 diabetics may decrease the frequency of maternal hypoglycemic episodes.
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether the same maternal glycemic control is necessary to achieve similar perinatal outcomes for type 1 as for type 2 diabetics. STUDY DESIGN: The subjects were all women with pregestational diabetes mellitus delivered of live-born singletons. Glycemic control was achieved with diet and insulin. Self-monitoring of blood glucose was performed before meals and at bedtime. Target glucose values were 60 to 90 mg/dl fasting and 60 to 105 mg/dl at other times. RESULTS: Of 60,628 deliveries, 46 type 1 and 113 type 2 diabeticwomen met inclusion criteria. Respective differences were found between type 1 and type 2 diabetics in average daily glucose levels (112 mg/dl vs 97 mg/dl, p < 0.001), percent of values within target ranges (35% vs 57%, p < 0.001), and mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (48.1 mg/dl vs 24.9 mg/dl, p < 0.001). At least one daily glucose value was < 50 mg/dl during 19% of observation days for type 1 vs 2% of observation days for type 2 pregnancies (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetic pregnancies in neonatal macrosomia (30% vs 34%), proportion of cesarean deliveries during labor for arrest disorders (67% vs 69%), shoulder dystocia (2% vs 6%), and neonatal hypoglycemia (18% vs 26%). CONCLUSIONS: Less stringent maternal glycemic control may permit comparable maternal and neonatal outcomes for type 1 compared with type 2 diabetics. Higher target values for type 1 diabetics may decrease the frequency of maternal hypoglycemic episodes.
Authors: Mary C M Macintosh; Kate M Fleming; Jaron A Bailey; Pat Doyle; Jo Modder; Dominique Acolet; Shona Golightly; Alison Miller Journal: BMJ Date: 2006-06-16
Authors: Nicole E Marshall; Camelia Guild; Yvonne W Cheng; Aaron B Caughey; Donna R Halloran Journal: Am J Perinatol Date: 2013-05-21 Impact factor: 1.862