Ethnicity, hypertension, coronary heart disease and renal diseases in South Africa.

This paper reviews the impact of race and environment upon hypertension, coronary heart disease and renal diseases in South Africa. Inequalities of socioeconomic status, lifestyle, and access to South African health care have produced striking differences in the prevalence and complications of hypertension. Coronary heart disease is 'epidemic' in the white and Indian population and is still relatively uncommon in blacks. There are different histological patterns of glomerulonephritis among the racial groups, which may lead to end-stage renal disease. Hypertension is an important cause of end-stage renal disease in the black population whilst analgesic nephropathy is important in the white population. Efforts are now being made to comprehend these daunting realities and to minimize the inequalities.