Recent advances in neonatal cranial ultrasound and Doppler techniques.

Use of new scanning approaches, such as the mastoid fontanelle and new signal processing techniques, such as power Doppler and spectral Doppler during fontanelle compression, have dramatically improved our ability to image both the structure and hemodynamics of blood flow in the neonatal brain. Continuing development of US contrast agents hold promise for creation of regional cerebral blood-flow maps at the cribside in critically ill newborns.