Somatic morbidity in schizophrenia--a case control study.

Several studies have stated that rates of premature mortality of schizophrenic patients are increased. Morbidity, however, is less often examined. In the present study we have compared the number of hospitalizations due to different somatic diseases in 775 schizophrenic patients with their sex- and age-matched controls. The total number of patients hospitalized due to somatic diseases was significantly greater among the schizophrenics than among the controls. In the former group, 523 out of 775 and in the latter 373 out of 775 had been admitted at least once during a 15 y period. If the schizophrenic patients who also had been diagnosed as substance abusers at least once were excluded from the analysis there was still a significant difference between the remaining patients and their controls. The patients exhibited an over-morbidity in almost all diagnostic groups, the most prominent excess morbidity appeared in the groups of injuries and symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions, when compared with the controls. Even if there are confounding factors which should be taken into consideration when interpreting morbidity data, the pattern of excess morbidity among schizophrenic patients found in this study is so definite that it cannot be considered merely coincidental.