Prolapse of the vaginal vault. Improved techniques for management of the abdominal approach or vaginal approach.

A brief discussion of the history of techniques for the surgical management of prolapse of the vaginal vault is presented. The author's method for the abdominal procedure, sacral colpopexy, is presented together with a summary of twelve patients in whom it was used. The author's modification of the technique of the vaginal operation, "the anterior approach," is presented because it appears to make resection of the enterocele sac and identification of uterosacral ligaments easier and their utilization more effective.