The role of vaginal estrogen in the treatment of urogenital dysfunction in postmenopausal women.

Decreased estrogen levels result in significantly lower urogenital tract changes and adversely influences quality of life. Consequences include atrophic vaginitis, atrophic urethritis, urinary incontinence, and pelvic organ prolapse. Evaluation of lower genital tract estrogen status is an integral part of evaluating the postmenopausal woman with urogenital symptoms.