S-phase fraction, 5-bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine labelling index, duration of S-phase, potential doubling time, and DNA index in benign and malignant brain tumors.

Seventy-one histologically malignant brain tumors, 52 histologically benign brain tumors, and 14 cerebral metastases were characterized according to DNA content and proliferative capacity. DNA ploidy, DNA index (DI), S-phase fraction (SPF), 5-bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine (BrdUrd) labelling index (LI), duration of S-phase (Ts), and potential doubling time (Tpot) were assessed by flow cytometry (FCM). In histologically benign tumors, a high percentage of DNA diploid tumors and a low proliferative capacity in DNA diploid tumors were found. Histologically malignant tumors and cerebral metastases were both found to be characterized by a low percentage of DNA diploid tumors and a high proliferative capacity in DNA diploid tumors. The proliferative capacity of DNA aneuploid benign tumors and that of DNA aneuploid malignant tumors, however, appeared not to differ significantly. The number of DNA aneuploid tumors was small. Duration of S-phase was short (range 3.9-4.7 hr) and appeared not to differ between the three groups. From this, the observed differences in Tpot values should be accredited mainly to differences in LI. High-grade as well as low-grade gliomas both appeared to be characterized by malignant (FCM) features, i.e., 1) a high percentage DNA aneuploidy, 2) a high mean DI (for DI > 1), and 3) a high proliferative capacity.