K T Perry1, C T Anthony, M S Steiner. 1. Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer eventually becomes androgen-independent, suggesting that growth factors such as TGF beta 1-3 may potentially contribute to prostate neoplasia. The pattern and level of TGF beta 1-3 protein expression in normal and malignant human prostate are unknown. METHODS: An immunohistochemical study was undertaken to analyze TGF beta 1, TGF beta 2, and TGF beta 3 protein in malignant and adjacent normal prostates from 25 patients who had clinically localized prostate cancer. RESULTS: Normal prostate exhibited similar TGF beta 1 immunostaining in stromal and epithelial cells, whereas TGF beta 2 and TGF beta 3 protein staining was greater in the epithelial relative to the stromal compartments. In malignancy, prostate epithelial cells had higher TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 immunostaining than either the surrounding stromal cells or their normal prostatic epithelial counterparts. Although TGF beta 3 staining intensity was similar for both malignant and normal prostate epithelial cells, the pattern of staining switched from uniform apical to diffuse protein staining in malignant prostate glands. CONCLUSIONS: Prostate cancer was associated with alterations of TGF beta 1, TGF beta 2, and TGF beta 3 expression by prostatic epithelial cells which may play a role in prostatic carcinogenesis.
BACKGROUND:Prostate cancer eventually becomes androgen-independent, suggesting that growth factors such as TGF beta 1-3 may potentially contribute to prostate neoplasia. The pattern and level of TGF beta 1-3 protein expression in normal and malignant human prostate are unknown. METHODS: An immunohistochemical study was undertaken to analyze TGF beta 1, TGF beta 2, and TGF beta 3 protein in malignant and adjacent normal prostates from 25 patients who had clinically localized prostate cancer. RESULTS: Normal prostate exhibited similar TGF beta 1 immunostaining in stromal and epithelial cells, whereas TGF beta 2 and TGF beta 3 protein staining was greater in the epithelial relative to the stromal compartments. In malignancy, prostate epithelial cells had higher TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 immunostaining than either the surrounding stromal cells or their normal prostatic epithelial counterparts. Although TGF beta 3 staining intensity was similar for both malignant and normal prostate epithelial cells, the pattern of staining switched from uniform apical to diffuse protein staining in malignant prostate glands. CONCLUSIONS:Prostate cancer was associated with alterations of TGF beta 1, TGF beta 2, and TGF beta 3 expression by prostatic epithelial cells which may play a role in prostatic carcinogenesis.
Authors: Andrew J Stephenson; Alex Smith; Michael W Kattan; Jaya Satagopan; Victor E Reuter; Peter T Scardino; William L Gerald Journal: Cancer Date: 2005-07-15 Impact factor: 6.860
Authors: M B Stope; C Rönnau; T Schubert; D Staar; J Bradl; P Ziegler; A Streitbörger; N Kroeger; U Zimmermann; R Walther; M Burchardt; C Börgermann Journal: Urologe A Date: 2013-03 Impact factor: 0.639
Authors: Srinivas Pentyala; Terry Whyard; Sahana Pentyala; John Muller; John Pfail; Sunjit Parmar; Carlos G Helguero; Sardar Khan Journal: Biomed Rep Date: 2016-01-29
Authors: Erik V Verona; Yuping Tang; Thomas K Millstead; Andrew P Hinck; Joseph K Agyin; Lu-Zhe Sun Journal: Protein Eng Des Sel Date: 2008-05-21 Impact factor: 1.650