Naltrexone for the treatment of alcoholism.

Naltrexone is a pure opioid antagonist that is an effective nonaversive pharmacologic treatment for alcohol dependence. The usual dosage is 50 mg per day. Side effects may include nausea, headache, dizziness and arthralgia. Naltrexone appears to exert its effect by decreasing the craving for alcohol. It has also been useful in allowing some patients to decrease their need for other medications, such as benzodiazepines and antihypertensives. Naltrexone should be used as an adjunct to a comprehensive alcohol treatment program that addresses concomitant medical problems and psychosocial concerns.